What About Twist-Off Caps?

Now that we've explored the natural cork, the technical cork and the synthetic cork, it's time to address the twist-off cap. And don't you think 'twist-off' sounds so much better than 'screw cap?'  The twist-off wine seal has been around for at least 20 years, but it still struggles to gain acceptance.  OK, yes, it got its start on cheap bottles of wines, but does that make it a bad thing?  I think not, and here's why you shouldn't either.

Have you ever been somewhere away from home with a bottle of wine only to realize you don't have a cork screw?  Or, have you ever opened an older bottle of wine and experienced a crumbling cork that either came out in pieces or had to be pushed through into the bottle? These are the situations when I'm sure you'd gladly accept a twist-off cap.  But more than just these occasions, the twist-off wine bottle sealer is one that should be more widely embraced in general.  And leading the way on this front, the twist-off cap has been broadly embraced by greater than 90% of New Zealanders and more than 70% of Australians.  

Twist-offs have gained varying levels of acceptance with the wine-buying public, and actually provide a reasonable alternative to natural cork.

Wine is 'alive' in the bottle and minute levels of oxygen are necessary for it to 'live.' It's just a matter of how much oxygen. Natural cork can and does usually lead to a slow evolution in wines by allowing tiny amounts of oxygen into the bottle.  But a cork can sometimes allow too much oxygen into the bottle leading to oxidization of the wine resulting in an undesirable nutty flavor.  Inside the metal twist-off cap there's an inner plastic liner that provides the seal with the bottle.  This seal can actually be produced to allow a controlled level of 'breathe-ability' for wine makers.  This control would seem superior to the unknowns associated with natural cork.

Others may argue that pulling a natural cork is part of enjoying a bottle of wine or that cork produces richness in texture in a bottle of wine.  Maybe. But statistics show that wine frequently becomes tainted to some degree by chemical compounds found in cork.  Formally known as 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole (or TCA for short), this compound can result in a wine that smells like wet cardboard, or a wet dog. Not a pleasant bouquet when trying to enjoy a glass of wine.

Today, twist-offs are especially gaining acceptance for wines that are typically opened soon after production (whites wines such as Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling and Rosés).  And statistics show that most all wines are consumed very soon after purchase. So embrace the twist-off. It's a good thing. Cheers!

Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week

Looking for an attainable, affordable wine?  You've come to the right place. Each week I feature just such a wine on the Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week page of EverWonderWine.com. 

Please Note: This feature is being moved to a separate offering that will be posted on Wednesday each week.

 

 

Alternatives to Natural Corks

In recent posts we learned that cork comes from the bark of the Cork Oak and that the foil capsule covering the cork was originally put into place to protect the cork from insects and rodents.  So you might wonder is all this necessary today?  Aren't there viable alternatives to using natural cork as a means of sealing a bottle of wine?

The advantages of natural cork include its ability to compress and expand (it's malleability), its proven long-term ability keep a bottle sealed, its renew-ability (because, after all, corks do grow on trees!), and a cork does allow the bottle to 'breathe' and improve (sometimes) with age. 

On the downside, natural cork may be a renewable resource, but it is a limited resource as forests of Cork Oak continue to shrink around the world.  Additionally, cork is relatively expensive since the bark must be manually shaved off the trees and processed to make corks. Another downside to cork is that it is formed in nature and, therefore, its quality is variable. This variability leads to natural corks having different degrees of 'breathe-ability."  And finally, with a natural cork, there is a chance that a bottle of wine will become tainted by the cork (subject of a future blog).

So, what additional ways are there of sealing a wine bottle that do not involve natural cork?  Well the first alternative actually involves nature cork. To deal with cost and variability, 'technical corks' are produced by grinding up the scraps of cork bark that remain after corks are punched out of the bark, and this cork 'dust' is glued together, somewhat like particle board is produced. These technical or composite corks are less expensive to produce and more consistent in quality.

Another alternative to natural cork is synthetic cork. These 'corks' are made with polyethylene (plastic). These are cheaper to produce, do not use a limited natural resource, and do not lead to possible cork taint. Due to the fact that they don’t dry out, plastic corks are easier to take out the bottle and they won’t crumble into the wine. At the same time however, they are often harder to put back into the bottle because they are not as malleable as natural cork. And, because they are plastic, they are recyclable! Finally, synthetic corks are not for serious wine collectors who purchase wines for aging. This is because they do not allow the wine to 'breathe' while in the bottle.

The other alternative to natural cork is the hotly debated twist-off cap.  We'll get into this cork alternative next time. Cheers!

Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week - Bogle Old Vine Zinfandel ($8)

Looking for an attainable, affordable wine?  You've come to the right place. Each week I feature just such a wine on the Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week page of EverWonderWine.com. 

This week's wine is Bogle's Old Vine Zinfandel. This is a really nice wine and a great value. It's got intense fruit flavors without being a big 'jammy' Zinfandel. It is nicely oaked and smooth.  It pairs well with anything from the meat aisle, along with any other food with bold flavors.

Why is There a Foil Capsule on a Wine Bottle?

Last time we looked at where cork comes from and learned that it's actually the bark of the Cork Oak tree. It is bark that can take 25 to 50 years to get to the point where it is usable for wine bottles and each tree can only be harvested every nine years so as to not do permanent damage to the inner bark of the tree.  But then there is a capsule that covers the cork and the top of the bottle. Ever wonder why there is a capsule on a wine bottle?

Originally the capsule was placed over the cork as a means of protecting the cork from insects and rodents that found the cork to be an enjoyable meal.  The capsule served as a barrier between the critters and the cork.  There are also some theories that the capsule was also a way of covering the cork from would-be wine thieves. The capsule kept unscrupulous individuals from being able to pull the cork on a good bottle, drink the contents, replace it with inferior wine and re-cork the bottle!  I'm not completely sure of this one, but it makes some sense. But, it certainly was the original reason behind the wire-netting that was used over some bottles of wines.

The wine bottle capsule, and wire-netting, continue to be used today. But not to protect the cork from critters or the wines from dishonest thieves. Today the capsule and netting serve purely as decorative elements of the wine bottle packaging.  This was abundantly clear during a recent visit to a small winery. While standing at the tasting bar, the owner came out with a couple different gold-colored capsules and asked which one looked best with their label.  After a bit of comparison with the colors on the wine label, it seemed obvious that one was the better shade of gold.  "Yes" the owner said, "but it's considerably more expensive than the other one."  I don't actually know which capsule they ended up choosing, but the capsule is all about packaging. And economics. 

Originally the capsule was made of lead. It was a very malleable metal that was easily formed into the proper shape. But, in the 1990's, it was confirmed that the lead left enough residue on the bottle's lip so as to be a potential lead poisoning health hazard to wine drinkers. So lead was replaced with tin or plastic.  There are also many wineries that are eliminating the capsule completely, or just placing a small dollop of sealing wax over the top of the cork.

One other bit of trivia regarding the capsule. If you take a close look at the top of the capsule you'll typically see one or two tiny pinholes in the cap.  These holes have been attributed to allowing the cork and the wine to ever-so-slightly breath over time. But the commonly accepted reason is much more practical.  These tiny holes in the top of a wine capsule actually allow the air to escape while the capsule is being installed. Without these 'vents' the air inside the capsule would become trapped and the capsule would not be able to fully seat on the lip of the bottle.

Well, that's a lot of information on something that we usually ignore and simply cut off before enjoying a bottle of wine.  So here's to pulling that cork and enjoying a nice glass of wine. Cheers!

Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week - Columbia Crest Chardonnay ($8)

Looking for an attainable, affordable wine?  You've come to the right place. Each week I feature just such a wine on the Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week page of EverWonderWine.com. 

This week's wine is Columbia Crest Chardonnay. A great value at $8!  While the pendulum of Chardonnays has swung away from the heavily oaked "Big Buttery" Chardonnays, the Columbia Crest still gives buttery-oak Chardonnay lovers a viable option.  While the oak is bold and rich, it is not over-the-top. This is a great wine with seafood, chicken or a salad.

Where Do Corks Come From?

During a visit to the Dry Creek Valley in Sonoma California, I stopped at the beautiful Ferrari-Carano winery. After tasting their wonderful wines, my server stated that walking their gardens was not to be missed. And while in the gardens, he said to be sure to stop by and check out the Cork Oak.

I had always known that cork comes from a tree, but not much beyond that.  So, while strolling through the garden, I came upon the Cork Oak (Quercus Suber) shown in the photo.  In reading about the Cork Oak I was surprised by several facts.

First, and most surprising, was that cork comes from the bark of the Cork Oak.  I had always assumed that the cork somehow came from some soft inner wood of the trunk. But no. It's from the bark.  And then to learn that the bark can only be harvested every nine years, so as to not harm the tree.  The Cork Oak actually has two layers of bark. The outer soft, woody, bark and another inner bark that must not be harmed while harvesting the cork.

Another interesting fact is that cork trees can take 25 years before they are ready for their first harvest.  And typically this first harvest is not suitable for wine stoppers. The first harvest of cork is usually ground up and molded into large block for use as other cork products such as cork tiles and message boards. It isn't until the tree is approximately 50 years old, and on its third harvest, that it produces cork suitable for wine stoppers.

Finally, a Cork Oak can yield 13 to 18 harvests during its life of around 300 years old!

The Cork Oak is grown around the Mediterranean in Portugal, Spain, Morocco, France, Algeria, and Italy.  Attempts to commercially grow Cork Oak in other parts of the world have not been successful.

Whenever wine corks are discussed, the topic of synthetic corks and twist-offs comes up. And I'll hold off on that topic for a future blog.  But next time I want to address that beautiful foil capsule that covers the cork and the upper portion of the bottle. Until then, cheers!

Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week - Kenwood Jack London Zinfandel ($16)

Looking for an attainable, affordable wine?  You've come to the right place. Each week I feature just such a wine that may be great for taking to a party, enjoying with a dinner or just sipping on Wine Wednesday. 

This week's wine is Kenwood's Jack London Zinfandel. This is a great one that I enjoyed with a short rib dinner. From Sonoma Mountain, this wine is described by the winery as having "fruity aromas of raspberry and fig combined with subtle notes of vanilla and white pepper. With its delicate and well-structured tannins, it provides an elegant mouth feel and a long finish." Another great one to try!

Is Your Wine Too Hot, Too Cold or Just Right?

It is said that most American's drink their white wines too cold and their red wines too warm. And I've certainly observed this myself.  Wine flavors can be amazing, but serving a wine too cold or too warm can significantly affect a wine's flavors. While the serving temperature that is just right for you is a matter of individual taste, there are some common rules of thumb.

When it comes to light white wines, sparkling wines and rosé, the common thought is that they should be served in the range of 40 to 50 degrees Fahrenheit (F). A more full-bodied white wine, such as Chardonnay, should be served in the 50 to 60 F range.  And as you can see, these temperatures are well above the typical refrigerator temperature of 34 F.  When a wine is served too cold, the flavors are not allowed to fully come out. So you end up with flat, bland or weak tasting white wines.

A friend of mine recently commented that he had never really liked Chardonnay. He was more of a red wine drinker.  But during a winery visit he had been served a Chardonnay and really liked it.  Not just because it was a nice Chardonnay, but because it was being served well above the refrigerator temperature that he was used to. So at the proper temperature he got to truly experience all the flavors of Chardonnay for the first time.  It was a real eye opener for him.

For red wines, the lighter and fruitier ones can be served in the range of 50 to 60 F with full-bodied reds being in the 60 to 65 F range.  These temperatures are well below 'room temperature.'  Serving a red wine too warm can make it more harsh, exaggerate the tannin and enhance the mouth-feel of the alcohol causing a burning sensation.

If you do have a white wine in the refrigerator, pull it out and let it sit for 30 minutes. And, if you have a bottle of red that's at room temperature, put it in the refrigerator for 30 minutes.  Or better yet, invest in a wine refrigerator that will ensure your wines are stored and served at just the right temperature. Cheers!

Behind the Cork™ Wine of the Week - Stags' Leap Merlot ($20)

Looking for an attainable, affordable wine?  You've come to the right place. Each week I feature just such a wine that may be great for taking to a party, enjoying with a dinner or just sipping on Wine Wednesday. 

This week's wine is Stags' Leap Merlot. This medium-bodied wine from Napa Valley is an excellent wine at $20. Nice big flavor of berry fruit with soft tannin and a smooth finish. You can't go wrong with a wine from Stags' Leap.